Can Garlic Help Your Horse Fight Disease? by Karen Briggs
Garlic has been touted to have many health-related properties, from boosting your horse’s immune system to repelling bugs just by the garlic odor in sweat. In a recent study completed at the
Equine Research Centre in Guelph, Ontario, a garlic metabolite showed antibacterial properties. Wendy Pearson-O’Neill, president of the Nutraceutical Alliance, was an investigator in the study.
Past research in humans indicated that garlic extract can kill some drug-resistant strains of bacteria as well as the fungus that causes ringworm. Furthermore, garlic extract seems to boost the antibiotic
effect of drugs for meningitis patients. But little work has been done on garlic’s effect on horses.
The biggest problem with garlic is the tremendous variability in the content of allicin,
which is generally considered to be garlic’s active compound. “How you prepare garlic has a profound effect on the allicin levels,” O’Neill says. Furthermore, allicin has a
half-life in blood of less than a minute, so many researchers think another compound in garlic might be the secret superhero. O’Neill investigated allyl mercaptan, a garlic metabolite with better
stability. Researchers applied allyl mercaptan to cultures of equine strangles bacteria. After 24 hours of incubation, allyl mercaptan did indeed inhibit bacterial growth when applied at a
concentration at was the equivalent of feeding a horse 272 grams of fresh garlic, a helpful dosage baseline. As most good research does, O’Neill’s study raised a number of questions. Is
allyl mercaptan well absorbed by horses? Which method of processing garlic might be the best way of preserving its activity? Could garlic’s antibacterial properties give it the potential to
disrupt the delicate balance of the beneficial hindgut bacteria, affecting a horse’s ability to process fiber and manufacture B vitamins? Another issue is the synergistic effect of garlic on some other
drugs. Might this magnify their effects or make them linger in the system? Some AIDS patients reportedly use garlic to help extend the effect of drug cocktails. If something similar occurs in
horses, there’s the potential for drugs to remain at testable levels that were supposed to have cleared the system prior to competition. O’Neill hopes to answer some of these questions with Phase
II of her study. She’ll be attempting to isolate and quantify allyl mercaptan in equine blood and lung fluid, which should show how well the compound is absorbed and whether it gets to the places
where it can do the most good.
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